感嘆句有哪些?
在介紹感嘆句之前,先提醒一下 – 不要在正式的文章中(如報告或商業書信等)使用感嘆句,也不要過度使用它。感嘆句是一種表達強烈感覺跟情緒的句子,偶而出現會有很大的效果,但是,要控制著用,畢竟,太多的情緒表達,就失去了感嘆的張力了。
驚嘆號是感嘆句最重要的元素,沒有驚嘆號,就不是感嘆句,甚至可以說一個句子,只要句尾標上驚嘆號,這個句子就變成感嘆句(當然,當這個句子的上下文語意或使用的情境,一點也沒有感嘆的味道時,就會讓讀者產生困惑了)。
要如何構成感嘆句呢?常見有下面五種方式:
- 使用感嘆詞 – oh / my god / ouch / wow等
- 使用像amazing一類的形容詞當感嘆詞用
- 直接在直述句的句尾標上驚嘆號
- 以such開頭的感嘆句
- 使用what跟how來帶出感嘆句
用感嘆詞構成感嘆句
使用這個方式可以通過三種方式來為句子加上標點符號: ㄧ種是在感嘆詞後加逗號,再在另ㄧ個表達細節的句子的句尾加上驚嘆號; 另外一種是在感嘆詞後加驚嘆號,在表示細節的句子後加句號或問號; 第三種是,在感嘆詞後跟其後的句子後都標上驚嘆號。請注意下面例句中的標點符號。
- Oh, that is beautiful!
- Holy cow, that’s the biggest spider I’ve ever seen!
天哪,那是我見過的最大的蜘蛛! - Wow! You look so young!
- Hooray! We won the game.
萬歲! 我們贏了比賽
用形容詞當感嘆詞,構成感嘆句
Fantastic、incredible和amazing等可以用作感嘆詞,因為它們表達了強烈的驚訝、欽佩或激動的情緒。 以這種方式使用時,它們是簡短的感嘆詞,可以單獨作為一個完整的句子。例如,看到美麗的日落,你可能會驚呼“Fantastic!”,表達對現場美景的讚嘆和激動。這時,fantastic的功能類似於感嘆詞wow / awesome等,用於傳達對某事的強烈情緒反應。請注意下面例句中的標點符號
- Incredible! I never thought I’d get to see this in person.
太棒了!我從沒想過我會親眼看到這個 - Fantastic! We’re going to Hawaii for vacation!
太棒了!我們要去夏威夷度假!
直接在直述句句尾標上驚嘆號,構成感嘆句
任何一個句子的句尾加上驚嘆號,就構成感嘆句,可以用來加強語氣,表達更強烈的情緒。
- That hurts!
好痛! - This is driving me crazy!
這真讓我抓狂! - It smells terrible!
它聞起來很糟糕(通常是很臭)! - You did a great job!
你做的非常出色!
用such構成感嘆句
such也可以用來做感嘆句的開頭,句子的由來如下:
It’s such a wonderful surprise.變成Such a wonderful surprise!
- Such a beautiful sunset! I could watch it forever.
多麼美麗的日落啊! 我可以永遠看著它 - Such an impressive performance! You truly are a talented musician.
多麼令人印象深刻的表演! 你真的是一位才華橫溢的音樂家 - Such a delicious meal! I can’t wait to try the dessert.
多麼美味的一餐啊! 我等不及要嚐嚐甜點了 - Such a smart dog! He knows so many tricks.
好聰明的狗! 他知道很多把戲 - Such a difficult question! I’ll have to think about it for a while.
這麼難的問題! 我得想一下
用how或what構成感嘆句
這是常見的感嘆句構句法,what後面要接名詞,而how後面要接形容詞或副詞,下面舉例說明句型:
- 當動詞為be動詞,補語為單數可數名詞,可以用what跟how構成感嘆句:
She is a beautiful girl.
– 如果要用what開頭,來造感嘆句,句中完整的名詞片語為a beautiful girl,移到what後面,剩下的字照抄下來,得感嘆句為What a beautiful girl she is! (she is可以省略)
– 如果要用how來造感嘆句,句中形容詞beautiful移到how後面,可數名詞girl前面有冠詞(限定詞)a與beautiful分隔,完整的名詞片語變為a girl,這樣就可以,剩下的字照抄下來,得感嘆句為How beautiful a girl she is! - 當動詞為be動詞,補語為複數可數名詞,只能用what,不可用how造感嘆句:
These are amazing dogs.
– 完整的名詞片語為amazing dogs,用what造感嘆句為What amazing dogs these are!
– 但是,如果要用how來造感嘆句,將amazing移到how後面,複數名詞dogs前面沒有限定詞,將名詞跟形容詞分隔,這樣就不行 - 當動詞為be動詞,補語為不可數名詞,只能用what,不可用how造感嘆句:
It is clean water.
– 完整的名詞片語為clean water,用what造感嘆句為What clean water it is!
– 但是,如果要用how來造感嘆句,將clean移到how後面,不可數名詞water前面沒有限定詞,將名詞跟形容詞分隔,這樣就不行 - 當動詞為be動詞,沒有名詞,只有形容詞,只能用how造感嘆句:
We are lucky.
– How lucky we are! - 當動詞是普通動詞,用其主詞或受詞造感嘆句,方法同上面1-3項所述:
She had made a beautiful bag.
– What a beautiful bag she has made!(較常見自然)
– How beautiful a bag she has made! - 當動詞是普通動詞,沒有受詞,不可以用what造感嘆句,如果有副詞,可以用how造感嘆句:She sings beautifully.
– 感嘆句為How beautifully she sings!
- It is a beautiful day.
– What a beautiful day it is!
– How beautiful a day it is! - You are a talented artist.
– What a talented artist you are!
– How talented an artist you are! - This is an amazing discovery.
– What an amazing discovery this is!
– How amazing a discovery this is! - These are fantastic books.
– What fantastic books these are!
因為是複數名詞,不可以使用how造感嘆句 - We made great memories on that trip.
– What great memories we made on that trip!
因為是複數名詞,不可以使用how造感嘆句 - You give me valuable advice.
– What valuable advice you gave me!
你給了我多麼寶貴的建議!
因為是不可數名詞,不可用how造感嘆句 - You’ve made great progress.
– What great progress you’ve made!
你進步好多喔!
因為是不可數名詞,不可用how造感嘆句 - Beautiful flowers are blooming in the garden.
What beautiful flowers are blooming in the garden!
花園裡開著多麼美麗的花朵啊!
因為是複數名詞,不可以使用how造感嘆句 - She is tall!
– How tall she is!
因為沒有名詞片語,不能使用what - You painted that picture carefully!
– How carefully you painted that picture!
你畫那幅畫多仔細啊!
因為有副詞,可以用how造感嘆句 - He delivered that speech confidently.
– How confidently he delivered that speech!
他演講時多麼自信
因為有副詞,可以用how造感嘆句 - He wrote an interesting story.
– What an interesting story he wrote!(較常見自然)
-How interesting a story he wrote!
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