英文原文Which
中文翻譯哪一個、哪一些
文法概念代名詞
單字概述與用法
which是代名詞,語意為哪一個、哪一些:用作疑問代名詞時,詢問特定範圍內的人或事物; 用作關係代名詞,引導限定和補述用法的形容詞子句,which可以用來指代which前面的非人名詞,可以是單數或複數,或前面整個句子。
- 代名詞:哪一個、哪一些
用法須注意事項:
- 當which用作疑問代名詞時,要注意它跟what的區別 - what常用於開放性的選擇,而which常用於有限的選擇範圍內。
- 當which用作關係代名詞引導形容詞子句時,前面名詞如果是唯一的一個(例如:太陽),或用來修飾前面整個句子,則為補述用法,要用逗號跟前面句子隔開
- 補述用法的形容詞子句可以全部省略,而不會影響整個句子的意思或導致句子的語意模糊,所以也可以視為一種插入語。當which帶領的子句只是用來增添有關前面名詞的訊息時,並不是限定指稱這個名詞的某個特定情況,則可用打逗號(補述用法),視為插入語
- which當關係代名詞時,在which前面,可以加上介系詞,依照語境的不同,可以等於關係副詞where / when / how / why
進一步理解,請閱讀『補述用法與限定用法 – 打逗號?只能用that或which/who/whom?』跟『為什麼in which等於where或when?-介系詞加which的用法』
代名詞:哪一個、哪一些
常見搭配詞:
- Which is...?
哪一個是...?
例句:Which is yours?
哪一個是你的? - Which + 名詞....,A or B ?
哪一個...,A或B?
例句:Which movie do you like, this one or the other one?
你喜歡哪部電影,這部電影還是另一部電影? - 名詞 which +子句
形容詞子句限定用法
例句:Find a solution which can resolve the problem effectively.
找到一個能夠有效解決問題的方案。 - 名詞,which +子句
形容詞子句補述用法,which指代前面的名詞
例句:I like - SV.., which + 子句
形容詞子句補述用法,which指代前面整個句子
例句:He talks loudly, which makes me feel uncomfortable.
他說話聲音很大,使我感到不舒服。 - SV...at / on / for / by...which SV
介系詞+which = where / when / how / why
例句:The station at which you should get off is next.
你應該下車的站就是下一站。
例句:
- This is the book which I borrowed from the library.
這就是我從圖書館借來的那本書。 - She has a lot of ideas, which are quite innovative.
她有很多想法,都相當創新。( 補述用法作為插入語) - The car which he drives is very expensive.
他開的那輛車非常昂貴。 - Which apple do you like, the big one or the small one?
你喜歡哪一個蘋果,大的還是小的? - The movie, which was released last year, received many awards.
這部去年上映的電影獲得了許多獎項。( 補述用法作為插入語) - There were many people at the party, which made it hard to find her.
派對上有很多人,這讓找到她變得困難。(which等於前面整個句子) - The phone, which I bought last month, has already broken down.
我上個月買的手機已經壞了。(which用補述用法,視語境,可以表示聽眾知道說話者話中的手機是哪一隻,或是說話者用作插入語,補充說明手機的相關資訊) - He asked me a question which I couldn't answer.
他問了我一個我回答不了的問題。 - This is the reason which he gave me for being late.
這就是他給我遲到的理由。 - She wore a dress, which attracted a lot of attention.
她穿著一件連身裙,引起了很多人的注意。(which等於前面整個句子) - The temperature at which water freezes is 0 degrees Celsius.
水凝固的溫度是0度攝氏。 - The movie, in which he played the lead role, was a blockbuster.
他主演的那部電影,取得了巨大成功。 - The grant, for which I applied, will fund my research project.
我申請的那筆資助,將會資助我的研究計畫。 - I lost the box in which I keep my jewelry.
我丟了我存放珠寶的盒子。 - The platform on which we stand is unstable.
我們站立的這個平台不穩定。 - There are some conditions for which there are no known cures.
有一些病症是目前尚無治療方法的。 - The date on which the meeting is scheduled is inconvenient for me.
會議安排的日期對我來說不方便。 - The method by which the results are obtained is flawed.
獲得結果的方法是有缺陷的。 - The standard by which we measure success may vary.
我們衡量成功的標準可能會有所不同。
衍生字:
whichever (有限數目中的)任何一個、無論哪個、無論哪些 pron. 限定詞
Which 的使用頻率
Google Ngram Viewer 書籍語料中的使用頻率(每百萬字)。
2019 年出版的書籍中,每百萬字約出現 2043.64 次。
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